Overview of Coffee: The word “coffee” entered English in 1598 via Dutch koffie, borrowed from Turkish kahve, in turn borrowed from Arabic qahwa, a truncation of qahhwat al-bun ‘wine of the bean’. As the Ethiopians ruled Yemen for some fifty years, eventually it becomes a part of Yemeni agriculture. Coffea Arabia seems to have been cultivated in Yemen from about the sixth century on. It seems likely that cultures in the Ethiopia region cultivated the tree before it was transported to Yemen. In Arabia, coffee was first mentioned as a medicine, then as a beverage taken by Sufis in connection with meditation and religious exercises. From there it moved into the streets and virtually created a new institution, the coffeehouse. Once the visitors from the rest of the world tasted it int the coffeehouses of Cairo and Mecca, the spread of Coffea Arabica, by sixteenth century standards, was extremely rapid. Coffea is a genus of flavouring plants in the Rubiacase family. They are shrubs or small trees native to tropical and southern Africa and tropical Asia. The leaves and the outer part of the fruit are also sometimes eaten. Wild plants grow to between 9 and 12 m tall, and have an open branching system, the leaves are opposite, simple elliptic-ovate to oblong, 6–12 cm long and 4–8 cm broad, glossy dark green. The flowers are white, 10–15 mm in diameter and grow in axillary clusters. The fruit is a drupe (though commonly called a “berry”) 10–15 mm in diameter, maturing bright red to purple and typically contains two seeds(the coffee ‘bean’). Coffee trees begin with beautiful white flowers such as Jasmine flowers and green circular grains are a cluster of grapes and then gradually to purple red after maturity beads are ripe for harvesting and manually collected (and then sort by size tab and maturity then coffee tab washed with cut red beads and then dried until their skins color foreign flopped Sepia and leave even drying Peel and exit beads green coffee and exported to world markets Coffee History The history of coffee goes at least as far back as the thirteenth century. A very strange and favorite story goes like this : Once upon a time in the land of Ethiopia lived a goatherd named Kaldi. Kaldi was a sober, responsible goatherd whose goats were also sober, if not responsible. One night, Kaldi’s goats failed to come home, and in the morning he found them dancing with abandoned glee near a shiny, dark-leafed shrub with ted berries. Kaldi soon determined that it was the red berries on this shrub that caused the goats’ eccentric bahviour, and soon he was dancing too. Finally, a learned Imam from a local monastery came by, sleepily, no doubt, on his way to prayer. he saw the goats dancing, Kaldi dancing, and the shiny, dark-leafed shrub with the red berries. Being of a more systematic turn of mind than the goats or Kaldi, the learned Imam subjected the red berries to various experimental examinations, one of which involved parching and boiling. Soon, neither the Imam nor his fellows fell asleep at prayers, and the use of coffee spread from monastery to monastery throughout Arabia Felix and from there to the rest of the world. Around the 15th century A.D., and Arabs who started toasts and grind Coffee and hot drink, as we do today, IBN SINA wrote the first medical description of impact coffee activator and alarm for the body and nerves. By the 16th century, it had reached the rest of the Middle East, Persia, Turkey, and Northern Africa Coffee then spread to Italy, and to the rest of Europe, to Indonesia and to the Americas. After 200 years Araba island offers the coffee to the world. No expand glory world use coffee quickly, but its spread is slow, so coffee stayed 500 years in the Middle East, in 1517 Sultan SELIM ALAWALL enter Coffee to Constantinople (Istanbul), after that traders of spices enter coffee to Italy, coffee spread throughout Europe during 100 years. And as one routine was the first human era through patron of sheep and goats look strange behaviors observed that consume a large amount of those red fruits that grow naturally on seedlings. The Shepherd and tasting this enthusiasm himself, he was feeling of joy and has observed some monks in case of rapture and activity, they boil beans themselves and used liquid for night and worship International Coffee Organization: International Coffee Organization (ICO) was (established 1963 in London and it was initiated in collaboration with United Nations to enhance cooperation between nations that consume, distribute and produce coffee . It was a result of the five-year first International Coffee Agreement (at the UN in New York , 1962), renegotiated at ICO in London1968, 1976, 1983, 1994 and 2007. Member countries (2011) are 33 exporting nations and 6 importing nations. Its highest body is the International Coffee Council, meeting twice a year. The Private Sector Consultative Board comprises sixteen representatives from consuming and producing industries, which meet biannually with the Council. The Executive Director is Robério Oliveira Silva (Brazil). ICO is located at 22 Berners Street, London.
